The Dangerous Effects of Vaping on Youth by Andrea McNeely
Vapes are increasingly prominent amongst youth with over 2.3 million users under the age of 18 reporting using these products across the country (NYTS, 2024). Though nicotine products are dangerous to all users, it is important to note the damaging and lasting effects on youth and the lifelong addiction that is more likely to occur with those who start using nicotine products before the age of 18.
Vapes contain nicotine which is the chemical found in the tobacco plant. It is usually "smoked" in cigarettes or cigars (burned) or "vaped" in e-cigarettes (electronically heated). Vaping causes swelling and irritation of the airways in your lungs which ultimately makes it more challenging for air to enter and exit. This can turn into bronchitis. Vaping can also damage the Alveoli - which, according to the National Library of Medicine, are microscopic balloon-shaped structures located at the end of the respiratory tree. They expand during inhalation, taking in oxygen, and shrink during exhalation, expelling carbon dioxide (Seadler, B. D., Toro, F., & Sharma, S., 2023). When the Alveoli becomes damaged, this can lead to emphysema which is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath (Stanford Medicine). Emphysema can be treated and slowed down, but unfortunately causes irreversible damage to the lungs (Mayo Clinic, 2017).
Vapes can also damage the brain - especially if that brain has not fully developed. Nicotine can disrupt key brain receptors making it easier for youth to develop nicotine dependance. Studies also show that once someone has tried vaping, they are seven times more likely to become smokers one year later compared to those who have never tried vaping (Truth Initiative, 2022). Nicotine addiction may also worsen symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. According to the Truth Initiative in 2022, 90% of youth who quit vaping nicotine products said they had improved mental health.
This is why it is vitally important to protect youth from these products. No Minor Sale advocates for ways to do so, including educating policy makers such as state legislators about the harmful effects of these products. 5 states and over 380 local governments throughout the US have addressed this issue by restricting flavored nicotine products to protect youth from the tobacco industry’s predatory marketing tactics (Bach L., 2024). We can also take steps to protect our community and make a difference!
If you or someone you know is experiencing nicotine dependance, help is available. 1-800-QUIT-NOW is a free resource available to all New Mexicans over the age of 18. With 24/7 support, a personal Quit Plan, self-help materials, unlimited sessions with a trained coach, and two weeks of free nicotine replacement therapy, quitting is possible. Resources are also available for teens, parents, or any adult who’s concerned about someone they love through the Live Vape Free program. Cessation resources through this program are available to those 13-17 years of age and connect teens with a coach for tips to quit, provide quit stories from other teens, and provide podcasts, quizzes, videos, and more. Learn more at QuitNowNM.com and LiveVapeFreeNM.com.
Learn more about ways you can help protect youth and New Mexicans from nicotine dependance at NoMinorSale.com/take-action!
References
Bach, L. (2024, June 18). Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. States Localities STATES & LOCALITIES THAT HAVE RESTRICTED THE SALE OF FLAVORED TOBACCO PRODUCTS. Retrieved from https://assets.tobaccofreekids.org/factsheets/0398.pdf
Mayo Clinic. Emphysema - Symptoms and causes. (2017, April 28). Retrieved from www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/emphysema/symptoms-causes/syc-20355555
Stanford Medicine. Middle School - Lesson 2 - Healthy Body, Healthy You-th | Tobacco Prevention Toolkit. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2024, from https://med.stanford.edu/tobaccopreventiontoolkit/you-and-me-together-vape-free-curriculum/ms-lesson-2-healthy-body-healthy-youth.html
Truth Initiative. Nicotine and the young brain. (2022, June 8). Retrieved from https://truthinitiative.org/research-resources/harmful-effects-tobacco/nicotine-and-young-brain
Truth Initiative. Nicotine use and stress. (2022, March 10). Retrieved from https://truthinitiative.org/research-resources/emerging-tobacco-products/nicotine-use-and-stress
FDA. Results from the annual National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS). (2024, June 26). Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/tobacco-products/youth-and-tobacco/results-annual-national-youth-tobacco-survey
Seadler, B. D., Toro, F., & Sharma, S. (2023, May 1). National Library of Medicine. Physiology, Alveolar Tension. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539825/